The Unicode character (U+1D12B) in the Musical Symbols block represents the double-flat sign. Less often (for instance in microtonal music notation) one will encounter half, or three-quarter, or otherwise altered flats. Double flats also exist, which look like (similar to two flats, ) and lower a note by two semitones, or a whole step. To allow extended just intonation, composer Ben Johnston uses a sharp as an accidental to indicate a note is raised 70.6 cents (ratio 25:24), and a flat to indicate a note is lowered 70.6 cents. In any other tuning system, such enharmonic equivalences in general do not exist. Under twelve tone equal temperament, C-flat for instance is the same as, or enharmonically equivalent to, B-natural (B), and G-flat is the same as F-sharp (F). The Unicode character ♭ (U+266D) can be found in the block Miscellaneous Symbols its HTML entity is ♭. A mnemonic for this is: Before Eating A Doughnut Get Coffee First. The order of flats in the key signatures of music notation, following the circle of fifths, is B, E, A, D, G, C, and F. Flat accidentals are used in the key signatures of F major/D minor, B-flat major/G minor, E-flat major/C minor, A-flat major/F minor, D-flat major/B-flat minor, and the less frequently used keys of G-flat major/E-flat minor, C-flat major/A-flat minor. ![]() Intonation or tuning is said to be flat when it is below the true pitch. In music notation, the flat symbol, derived from a stylised lowercase “b”, lowers a note by a half step. ![]() In music, flat, or bemolle (Italian: “soft B”) means “lower in pitch”.
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